Explore Treatments for Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) and Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS)

PANS (Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome) and PANDAS (Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections) are conditions that cause a sudden and dramatic onset of symptoms such as obsessive-compulsive behaviors (OCD) or severely restricted eating in children usually before puberty. In addition to OCD or eating changes, children may experience mood swings or personality changes, anxiety, irritability, depression, motor or vocal tics, sleep disturbances, trouble with schoolwork or memory and difficulty separating from family. The main difference between the two is the trigger. PANS can be caused by various infections (viral or bacterial), immune system issues, or even environmental factors. PANDAS is a specific type of PANS that’s triggered by a strep infection, like strep throat or scarlet fever. Symptoms of PANS/PANDAS often appear suddenly, can be severe, and may come and go over time. Researchers believe that in some children, the immune system mistakenly attacks the brain, causing inflammation that affects behavior and movement. Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying infection or immune response, managing behavioral and neurological symptoms and supporting the child’s overall health and emotional well-being. A healthcare provider can help families develop a personalized care plan, which may include antibiotics, anti-inflammatory medications, therapy, and other supportive interventions.